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Roscoea australis
''Roscoea australis'' is a perennial herbaceous plant found in Burma, to the south of all other members of the genus. Most members of the ginger family (Zingiberaceae), to which it belongs, are tropical, but ''R. australis'', like other species of ''Roscoea'', grows in much colder mountainous regions.
==Description==
''Roscoea australis'' is a perennial herbaceous plant. Like all members of the genus ''Roscoea'', it dies back each year to a short vertical rhizome, to which are attached the tuberous roots. When growth begins again, "pseudostems" are produced: structures which resemble stems but are actually formed from the tightly wrapped bases (sheaths) of its leaves.〔 Plants are usually tall, occasionally up to , with four to six leaves. The first two or three consist only of whitish sheaths, which may be speckled; the remaining leaves form a rosette and have blades usually long by wide (although lengths and widths outside this range are also found). The sheaths have small 'ears' (auriculate) at the junction of the blade and sheath where there is also a small ligule which extends to about .〔
Flowers appear in May to July in the wild. The stem (peduncle) of the flower spike (inflorescence) is held within the leaves. The few flowers open one at a time and are purple or white. The bracts which subtend the flowers are shorter than the calyx. Each flower has the typical structure for ''Roscoea'' (see the diagrams in that article). There is a tube-shaped outer calyx which is spotted and pink-brown in colour, with a bluntly three-lobed apex. Next inwards the three petals (the corolla) form a white tube, protruding considerably from the calyx, terminating in three lobes, a hooded upright central lobe, about long by wide, and two narrower side lobes, about long by about wide, which are whitish at the base. Inside the petals are structures formed from four sterile stamens (staminodes): two lateral staminodes form what appear to be small upright purple petals, which are by , with a non-central vein; two central staminodes are partially fused at the base to form a lip or labellum, long by about wide. The labellum is split into two lobes at the end for about half of its length.〔〔
The single functional stamen has a white anther, about 5–6 mm (0.2 in) long, with long spurs formed from the connective tissue between the two capsules of the anther. The seeds when they form are dark brown.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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